The Waldorf Kyra is an FPGA-based virtual analogue synthesizer that offers impressive sonic capabilities in a robust, well-built package. While technologically innovative, the Kyra represents a continuation of Waldorf's synthesizer development following their acclaimed Quantum. The unit features reassuring size and weight along with smooth, wobble-free knobs, though its small monochrome screen and protruding 1970s-style black plastic quarter-inch sockets with ring nuts on the rear panel may disappoint some users.
Architecture
The Kyra's architecture is based around Patches, Parts, and Multis. Each Patch represents a basic unit of sound, which must be inserted into a Part to be played. Parts contain additional parameters such as MIDI channel, level, pan, transposition, and output routing. Eight Parts are contained within each Multi, which can be split across keyboard ranges, layered on the same MIDI channel, or used multitimbrally with different MIDI channels. There's no voice stealing between Parts, effectively making the Kyra eight individual virtual analogue synthesizers sharing a common pool of Patches.
A unique aspect of this architecture is that you're always in Multi mode; Patches are accessible only within Parts of a Multi. Additionally, Parts don't contain copies of Patches but rather point to the originals, meaning modifications to a Patch in one Multi will affect that same Patch in all other Multis that use it.
Memory
The Kyra's memory holds 128 Multis and 3328 Patches distributed across 26 banks. Most banks are described as ROM, but they actually function as flash RAM that can be overwritten with bank transfers. The user RAM is maintained by a rechargeable battery that will sustain memories for only a few months without mains power, which may be concerning for users accustomed to synths with much longer battery life.
Sound Generation
Instead of conventional VA oscillators, the Kyra utilizes two Oscillator Groups (OGs) per Patch offering two sound generation modes:
Wave Mode
In Wave mode, each OG can generate three simultaneous waveforms: a ramp (labeled as sawtooth), pulse, and Wave. The Wave option accesses a library of 4096 public domain single-cycle waveforms (not true wavetable synthesis). Hard sync of OG2 by OG1 is available, as is frequency modulation of OG1's Wave by OG2's. An Auxiliary oscillator control in OG1 can either control white noise volume for both OGs or the output level from a ring modulator using the Waves from OG1 and OG2 as sources. Each OG also includes a detunable sub-oscillator with four waveform options.
Hypersaw Mode
Hypersaw mode disables OG2 and causes OG1 to generate six detuned sawtooth waves as partials, with controls for spread, loudness distribution, and stereo width. A sub-oscillator function can repurpose two of the six partials and detune them by an octave. This mode produces classic ensemble sounds and pads but may require reduced volume settings to avoid distortion.
Filters
The Kyra offers two filters with six types each: low-pass, band-pass, and high-pass, with both 12dB/oct and 24dB/oct variants. While described as "accurate emulations of classic analogue ladder filters" that can self-oscillate at high resonance, actual self-oscillation doesn't occur in a conventional manner.
Signal Routing
The default signal path mixes outputs from OG1 and OG2 equally before passing through Filter 1. Alternative routing options include:
- OG Dual Mode (Wave): Layers one OG1+OG2 pair with a second detuned pair, directing the first to Filter 1 and the second to Filter 2. The filters act equally on both signals except for some modulation options.
- OG Dual Mode (Hypersaw): Generates a Hypersaw with 12 waveforms, alternating partials between Filters 1 and 2.
- Dual Filter Mode: Automatically invokes OG Dual mode but routes OG1 to Filter 1 and OG2 to Filter 2, allowing independent filter programming. This mode can't be used with Hypersaw Mode.
Effects
Each Patch contains multiple effects units in a fixed signal chain:
- EQ (high/low shelves and sweepable mid with variable Q)
- Two-band formant filter
- Compressor
- Distortion (five models: soft/hard rectifier, soft/hard bit-crusher, and Gnasher)
- Delay (stereo and ping-pong modes)
- Six-stage phaser
- Chorus (four modes: comb-filtering, flanging, chorusing, and doubling)
- Reverb (up to 20 seconds, with pre-delay, "darkness," and damping)
A final compressor/limiter ensures the signal stays within bounds before reaching the Output Mixer, which controls level and stereo positioning.
Modulation
The Kyra provides three contour generators per Patch that feature ADSR parameters plus an additional Slope control allowing the Sustain phase to rise or fall while held. Contours 2 and 3 include a Bass Delay parameter to offset initiation slightly.
Three programmable LFOs per Patch offer 128 waveforms each and can be synchronized to MIDI Clock. They can be programmed monophonically (per patch) or polyphonically (per note). LFOs 1 and 2 include delay, Dual antiphase, and Dual quadrature options. The frequency range spans from 0.1Hz to 51.2Hz, which limits very slow sweeps and audio-frequency modulation.
The modulation matrix provides six slots, each with one source and three destinations. There are 34 available sources and 82 destinations, but no controller column or cascading capability.
Connectivity
The rear panel features:
- Eight quarter-inch analogue audio outputs (as four stereo pairs)
- Headphone output mirroring the 'A' pair
- USB 2.0 connector for MIDI and digital audio
- 5-pin DIN MIDI In/Out/Thru sockets
- 12V external power supply connection (4-pin PS2 connector, 3A)
- Receptacle for a Kensington security lock
Performance Features
Each Patch includes an arpeggiator with five modes (up, down, up/down, random, and chord) and 128 Patterns offering various beats and accents. The Kyra responds to a limited subset of MIDI CCs and RPNs, with performance automation recorded and replayed using SysEx.
Overall Assessment
The Kyra offers considerable synthesis power with its eight-part multitimbral capability and comprehensive effects per part. Its strengths lie in creating rich ensembles, huge pads, and panoramic textures. However, the unconventional architecture, sometimes unintuitive programming workflow, and various operational quirks can make it challenging to master. With continued firmware development and potentially a software editor, the Kyra could become a more polished instrument.
Technical Specifications
GENERAL
- Type: FPGA-based Virtual Analogue Synthesizer
- Polyphony: 128 voices (64 when using OG Dual Mode)
- Multitimbral: 8 parts
- Memory: 128 Multis, 3328 Patches (across 26 banks)
- Display: Small monochrome screen
- Dimensions: 440 x 305 mm (front panel)
- Power: External 12V DC power supply (3A), 4-pin PS2 connector
SOUND GENERATION
- Architecture: Two Oscillator Groups (OGs) per Patch
- Wave Mode:
- Three waveforms per OG (ramp, pulse, Wave)
- 4096 single-cycle waveforms library
- Hard sync (OG2 by OG1)
- Frequency modulation (OG1's Wave by OG2)
- Ring modulation (using Waves from OG1 and OG2)
- White noise generator
- Sub-oscillator with four waveforms
- Hypersaw Mode:
- Six detunable sawtooth waves
- Controls for spread, loudness distribution, stereo width
- Sub-oscillator function (can repurpose two partials)
FILTERS
- Two filters per Patch
- Six filter types: low-pass, band-pass, and high-pass (12dB/oct and 24dB/oct each)
- Multiple routing options:
- Standard: OG1 + OG2 → Filter 1
- OG Dual Mode: Additional detuned layer with separate filter routing
- Dual Filter Mode: Independent filter programming (OG1 → F1, OG2 → F2)
MODULATION
- Three contour generators (ADSR plus Slope parameter)
- Three LFOs:
- 128 waveforms each
- Frequency range: 0.1Hz to 51.2Hz
- Sync modes: MIDI Clock, monophonic, polyphonic
- LFO1/2: delay, Dual antiphase, Dual quadrature options
- Modulation matrix: Six slots with 34 sources and 82 destinations
EFFECTS (PER PATCH)
- EQ: High/low shelves, sweepable mid with variable Q
- Two-band formant filter
- Compressor
- Distortion: Five models (soft/hard rectifier, soft/hard bit-crusher, Gnasher)
- Delay: Stereo and ping-pong modes, up to unity feedback
- Six-stage phaser: Bipolar feedback gain, dedicated LFO
- Chorus: Four modes (comb-filtering, flanging, chorusing, doubling)
- Reverb: Up to 20 seconds, pre-delay, "darkness," damping
- Final compressor/limiter
ARPEGGIATOR
- Five modes: up, down, up/down, random, chord
- 128 Patterns with various beats and accents
- Adjustable Gate length
- Software latch parameter (pedal or keys)
SPECIAL FEATURES
- OG Dual Mode: Layers two OG1+OG2 pairs with detune (halves polyphony)
- Dual Filter Mode: Allows independent filter programming
- Multiple stacking and splitting options for Parts within Multis
CONNECTIVITY
- Analog outputs: 8 balanced outputs (4 stereo pairs)
- Headphone output
- MIDI: 5-pin DIN In/Out/Thru
- USB 2.0: MIDI and digital audio (8 stereo 24-bit channels out, 1 stereo in)
- Digital audio: 48kHz or 96kHz operation
- Soundcard Mode: Can route two channels of digital audio from DAW to output pair A